Patient Education: Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
Olanzapine is prescribed by your healthcare provider based on current guidelines to address specific mental health conditions. While effective, all medications have potential side effects. It's crucial to be informed about these risks and benefits. It's also important to understand strategies to reduce their occurrence or manage them effectively. It's vital to know when to contact your healthcare provider or seek immediate medical attention. This guide aims to empower you with this knowledge, ensuring a well-informed approach to your child's treatment. If you are still unsure, always reach out to your healthcare provider for further guidance.
What is Olanzapine?
Olanzapine belongs to a group of medicines known as Second Generation or Atypical Antipsychotics.
When is Olanzapine prescribed to Children & Adolescents?
Your doctor may prescribe Olanzapine for
- Behavioral disturbances or Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (also known as DMDD)
- Bipolar disorder
- Psychosis
- Added to antidepressants to augment their effectiveness for Depression
- Added to antidepressants to help with weight gain in Eating Disorder
What is the Dose of Olanzapine?
- The dose typically ranges from 2.5 to 20mg.
- Starts at a low dose, gradually increasing to effectiveness.
What can be the possible
side-effects from the medication?
- Drowsiness, Dizziness:
- Started at a low dose to minimize effects.
- Self limiting (Gets better in few days)
- Standing slowly from sitting or lying down position helps with this side-effect
- Switching to bedtime if taking twice a day helps with this side-effect
- Consult with your provider if persistent.
- Increased appetite and weight gain:
- Very likely to happen. 10-30 pound weight gain is common
- Can lead to risks like high blood pressure, increased total and bad cholesterol, diabetes.
- Regular monitoring of weight, waist size, blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol is important.
- Monitor your child’s diet and inform your doctor of significant weight gain.
- Dry Mouth:
- Drink plenty of water
- Constipation:
- To treat this side-effect ot to reduce incidence of it, Drink plenty of water & add fiber to diet
- Contact your PCP if side-effect persists
- Dystonia:
- Symptoms include involuntary muscle contractions leading to unusual postures, such as neck twisting, back arching.
- Seek emergency care if these occur. Medications (Benadryl or Benztropine) may be used for relief.
- Tardive Dyskinesia (TD):
- Characterized by involuntary, repetitive body movements.
- Regular monitoring with the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) is essential.
- Akathisia:
- Intense inner restlessness, possibly manifesting as excessive physical activity or anxiety.
- Management may involve adjusting dosage or medication, or adding another medication (beta-blocker)
- Excessive Saliva:
- Consult with your provider if persistent. Adjustment in medication may be necessary.
- Increase Prolactin Levels (Hyperprolactinemia)
- Watch for breast development in boys, menstrual changes in girls and nipple discharge in both the genders
- Your provider will order labs every 6 months to check prolactin levels, to monitor for this side-effect closely.
- Prolactin levels should be checked every 6-12 months.
- Stopping medication typically normalizes levels. Note: breast development in boys may not be reversible.
- Heart Rhythm Disturbances:
- QTc prolongation, a condition that lengthens the heart's electrical cycle, may lead to irregular heartbeats.
- If you notice an irregular heartbeat, inform your healthcare provider.
- Stopping or changing the medication might be required.
Serious but Rare Side-Effects
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
- Symptoms: High fever, severe muscle stiffness, changes in blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing.
- Action Required: Immediately discontinue medication and seek urgent medical care in a hospital.
- Treatment: Immediate medical care in a hospital.
To learn more about this medication please visit MedlinePlus, a official US government website, part of National Library of Medicine and managed by National Institute of Health by clicking HERE